EURL methods

The responsibilities and tasks of European Union Reference Laboratories (EURLs) and of National Reference Laboratories (NRLs) are listed in the Regulation (EU) 2017/625. Additional responsibilities and tasks for the EURL for Bee Health are listed in the Commission Regulation (EU) No 415/2013. The methods used within the European NRLs should follow the rules listed in the Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2020/689. In this last regulation, a cascade of methods for sampling, analyses, tests and diagnosis is described in Article 6. Hence, official laboratories and NRLs have to use details and guidance made available on the EURL websites and complying with the Regulation (UE) 2016/429. In the absence of the above, internationally recognised rules or protocols (i.e. OIE’s Terrestrial Manual) shall be followed. In the absence of the above, nationally recognised rules shall be followed or, if no such rules exist, relevant methods developed or recommended by NRLs shall be used. In the absence of the above, and when analyses, tests or diagnoses are urgently needed, methods other than those above-mentioned can be used until the validation of an appropriate method in accordance with internationally accepted scientific protocols.

Please find below the diagnostic methods related to bee diseases pursuant to Article 6 of the Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2020/689.

For the EU listed diseases (pursuant to Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/1882)

• Tropilaelaps spp.

Morphological identification of Tropilaelaps spp. (adult form) (WOAH method)

Identification of Tropilaelaps spp. using a conventionnal PCR (in-house method) and sequencing

• Aethina tumida

Morphological identification of the Small Hive Beetle (WOAH method)

Identification of the Small Hive Beetle by real time PCR (in-house method)

• Paenibacillus larvae (causative agent of American foulbrood)

Identification of Paenibacillus larvae using PCR (in-house method)

For the other diseases

Parasitology

• Nosema spp. (causative agents of nosemosis)

Identification and quantification of Nosema spp. by microscopic examination

Identification of Nosema spp. using PCR (in-house method)

Bacteriology

• Melissococcus plutonius (causative agent of European foulbrood)

Identification of Melissococcus plutonius using PCR (in-house method)

Virology

• Multi-viruses

Detection and quantification of the Acute Bee Paralysis Virus (ABPV), the Black Queen Cell Virus (BQCV), the Chronic Bee Paralysis Virus (CBPV), the Deformed Wing Virus (DWV-A & DWV-B), and the Sacbrood Virus (SBV) by real-time RT-PCR

Miscellenaous

Test for the presence of the β-actin gene on honeybee samples using PCR (in-house method)

EURL forms

Mite & insect collection form

EURL customer sampling form

EURL reference material request